Part One
Some Suggestions for Trademark Registration in China
1. File Trademark Application in time
| The territory trait of trademark right
| Principle of first to register
Case 1
One Germany company appointed a Chinese company as an authorized distributor of the products bearing its own logo. Without permission of the German company, the authorized distributor filed an trademark application for this logo. This act has caused severely negative effects on the marketing of the Germany company.
Case 2 Trademark Infringement Case in respect of “蓝色风暴”
A wine company in Zhejiang Province was granted the trademark right of “蓝色风暴” for the goods of beer, cola etc.
Later, they found a world famous drinks company used “蓝色风暴” in the promotion, ads and package of its cola products.
The judgment:
The court held that the drinks company had spent a large amount of money on the promotion of “蓝色风暴” for so long time. As a matter of fact, “蓝色风暴” became a trademark of the drinks company. For this reason, the court held this acts is an infringement of the exclusive right regarding “蓝色风暴” of the Zhejiang wine company.
2. Keep in Conformity with Chinese Language Habits and Customer Habits
| Trademarks are suggested to be Chinese words
| Easily-identified, easily-memorized
| Words that are familiar to or are recognized by the customers
Case 3 Lexus
Lexus is a famous brand of Toyota. Before Toyota sold Lexus in China, it was translated as “凌志” but has not been registered. When Toyota began to sell Lexus in China, the brand name had to be changed into “雷克萨斯”, because “凌志” had been registered by someone else.
Case 4 “索爱” Trademark Case
One person filed trademark application for “索爱” and was granted exclusive right to this trademark in 2004. One year later, Sony Ericsson company filed a request for cancelation of this trademark, but the request was not supported by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board and the court.
3. The Registration Shall be Under the name of the Holding Company
Purpose:
| Centralized management of intangible assets
| Transfer of Loyalty
| Avoid being involved to liquidation or other relevant procedure of the WFOE or JV
4. The Registration Shall Cover Similar Goods
Purpose:
| Prevent from registration in similar goods by others
| Prevent from potential trademark infringement
Case 5
A clothing company registered its logo in China for goods of clothes. Later the company found someone else used the same logo on glasses. Because their trademark application doesn’t cover glasses, the clothing company failed to claim for damages or stop such sales.
5. Keep in Conformity with the Trade name and Domain name
Purpose:
| Prevent from registration by others and customers being confused
| Prevent from potential trademark infringement
Part Two
Remedy of Trademark Infringement
1. Customs Protection of Intellectual Property Rights
Put on record → Apply for detaining of suspected infringing goods → Investigation of Customs→Make the decision
2. Measures for Administrative Protection of Trademark
Report →Negotiation→Make a decision by Administration Bureau for Industry and Commerce →administrative proceedings civil proceedings
3. Judicial Protection of Trademark
Laws and Regulations:
| Trademark Law of PRC,
| Interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court on Several issues concerning the Application of Law to the Trial of Cases of Civil Disputes over the Trademarks
(1)Jurisdiction
| Where the infringing acts take place
| Where the infringing goods are stored or detained
| Where the defendant is domiciled
(2)The concerned parties
As plaintiff
| Trademark registrant
| licensees under sole licensing contracts
| Licensees under exclusive licensing contracts can bring a joint suit together with the trademark registrant and can also bring a suit by themselves if the trademark registrant does not bring a suit
| Licensees under non-exclusive licensing contracts , provided that they have been given clear authorization to do so by the trademark registrant
As defendant:
| Producers of infringing goods
| Sellers of infringing goods
| Who counterfeit, or to make, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another person, or to sell such representations
(3)Infringing acts
| To use a trademark that is identical with or similar to a registered trademark in respect of the identical or similar goods without the authorization from the trademark registrant;
| To sell goods bear a counterfeited registered trademark;
| To counterfeit, or to make, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another person, or to sell such representations of a registered trademark as were counterfeited, or made without authorization;
| To replace, without the consent of the trademark registrant, its or his registered trademark and market again the goods bearing the replaced trademark
| To use the words identical or similar to another's registered trademark as a trade name in a distinctive manner on identical or similar goods, and thus causing possible confusion among the relative public;
| To copy, imitate, translate another's well-known registered trademark or its dominant part to be used as a trademark on non-similar or non-identical goods and thus mislead consumers and possibly causing damage to the interest of the well-known trademark owner;
| To registrate words identical with or similar to another's registered trademark as a domain name, and to conduct e-commerce in the goods through this domain name, which is likely to cause confusion among relative public;
| Other infringing acts.
(4)The Evidence Shall be provided
| A legitimate and effective certificate of trademark ownership or authorization;
| Evidence of infringing acts,such as the process of purchase of infringing goods, the infringing goods;
| Evidence of the claim for damages.
(5)Calculation of Damages
| The profit that the infringer has earned because of the infringement in the period of the infringement;
| The injury that the trademark registrant has suffered from the infringement in the period of the infringement;
| The appropriate expenses of the trademark registrant for stopping the infringement;
| An amount of damages of no more than RMB 500, 000 Yuan.
Case 6 “立邦” Trademark Cases
Conflict between trademark and trade name
A company registered “立邦” as its trade name. Nippon Paint company then brought a suit against this company.
Finally, the court held the use of “立邦” as trade name violated the exclusive right of Nippon paint company and the trade name shall be changed to the words other than “立邦”.
Conflict between trademark and domain name
Nippon Paint company found that one person registered a domain name containing “nippon”. Then, under the authorization of Nippon paint company, our law firm submitted the dispute to Asian Domain Name Dispute Resolution Centre, demanding transfer the domain name “nipponpaint.asia” to Nippon Paint company.
Eventually, we won this case and the domain name had been
transferred.
Q&A
Thanks!
| Chambers Yang Partner/Attorney
| 37F, Hongkong Plaza, 283 Huaihai Rd(M),Shanghai, China
| Tel: 0086 21 6385 9090
| Fax: 0086 21 6390 6651
| Email: Chambers@hllawyers.com
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杨春宝一级律师简介
杨春宝一级律师,大成上海高级合伙人、资本市场部主任、国资基金研究中心主任,大成中国区私募基金专业带头人、科技与文化法律研究中心联合牵头人。执业30余年,长期从事私募基金、投融资、并购重组法律服务,尤其对对赌研究颇深且具有非常丰富的实战经验,并专注于金融机构股权投资业务。2004年起多次入选The Legal 500"私募基金"和"公司与商业"等境内外各类律师榜单,代理的中国法院首例适用外国法律审理外国公司的董事损害小股东权益纠纷案入选上海高院发布的《上海法院域外法查明典型案例》和威科先行"要案头条"。入选上海涉外法律人才库、上海市司法局鼎新法治人才库、上海国有企业改制法律顾问团,具有上市公司独立董事任职资格,系多家知名高校的兼职教授或兼职研究生导师及上海市商务委跨国经营人才培训班讲师。出版《私募股权投资基金风险防控操作实务》等16本投融资法律专著。了解更多常见法律问题
为什么在中国注册商标要遵循先申请原则?被抢注有何风险?
法律概念与规则解释:商标权具有地域性,且中国实行先申请原则,即相同或近似商标在相同或类似商品上,先提出注册申请的人获得商标专用权。未注册商标通常不享有排他性权利,除非构成驰名商标或有一定影响,否则难以对抗在后注册者。因此,企业进入中国市场前必须尽早提交商标注册申请,否则可能丧失品牌控制权。n案件事实与实务场景引用:文章中提到一家德国公司指定中国公司作为经销商,该经销商未经许可将德国公司的标志申请注册,导致德国公司市场推广严重受阻。另有浙江葡萄酒公司拥有蓝色风暴商标,某世界知名饮料公司大量宣传使用该标识,法院仍认定其构成侵权。凌志因被他人抢注,丰田只能改用雷克萨斯。这些案例均说明未及时注册或未覆盖相关类别,会使企业陷入被动。n实务指引与风险提示:企业应在产品进入中国前完成商标检索与申请,建立商标监测机制,密切关注经销商、代理商和竞争对手的申请动态。一旦发现抢注,可在法定期限内提出异议或申请宣告无效。同时,保留使用证据和宣传投入凭证,用于证明品牌影响力。对于重要商标,应在核心商品及类似商品上全面注册,防止被他人钻空子。
商标被侵权后有哪些法律救济途径?
法律概念与规则解释:商标侵权救济分为行政保护、海关保护和司法保护三大途径。行政保护指向市场监管部门投诉,由其责令停止侵权行为;海关保护适用于进出口环节,权利人可向海关总署备案知识产权,申请扣留涉嫌侵权货物;司法保护即向人民法院提起民事诉讼,请求停止侵害并赔偿损失。三种途径可单独或并行使用,实务中常结合行政投诉与司法诉讼,提高维权效率。n案件事实与实务场景引用:文章第二部分系统介绍了上述救济流程。海关保护需要先备案,再申请扣留侵权货物,由海关调查后作出决定。行政保护包括报告、协商、工商部门决定,并可衔接行政诉讼或民事诉讼。司法保护方面,文章列明了管辖法院为侵权行为地、侵权商品储存地或被告住所地法院,适格原告包括商标注册人、独占许可人、排他许可人及明确授权的普通许可人,适格被告包括生产商、销售商及伪造标识者。立邦案件中,法院认定将《立邦》作为商号使用构成侵权,责令变更商号;域名争议则通过亚洲域名争议解决中心获得支持。n实务指引与风险提示:企业应根据侵权行为的性质和发生环节选择救济路径。进出口货物可优先启动海关保护;线上与线下侵权行为可同步进行行政投诉与民事诉讼。诉讼中需明确管辖法院,收集合法有效的商标权属证明、购买侵权商品的凭证以及损失或获利证据。同时注意举证责任和诉讼时效,防止因证据不足或程序错误导致维权失败。对于商号与域名冲突,可分别通过诉讼和域名争议程序解决。
商标侵权损害赔偿如何计算?需要哪些证据?
法律概念与规则解释:商标侵权损害赔偿的计算一般以权利人实际损失、侵权人违法所得或商标许可使用费的合理倍数为依据,难以确定时法院可以在法定限额内酌情判决,文章提到法定赔偿最高不超过五十万元。赔偿范围还包括权利人为制止侵权行为所支付的合理开支。当事人可选择对自己最有利的计算方式,但必须提供充分证据支持。n案件事实与实务场景引用:文章在司法保护部分明确指出,需要提供的证据包括合法有效的商标权属证书或授权证明、侵权过程证据如购买侵权商品的公证书和实物,以及索赔依据。蓝色风暴案中,法院考虑了饮料公司的大量宣传投入,说明使用证据能影响侵权认定和赔偿;服装公司案例中,因商标未覆盖眼镜类商品,导致无法主张损害赔偿或停止销售,凸显了证据与商品类别的重要性。n实务指引与风险提示:企业在维权前应系统梳理三类证据:一是权利基础,包括注册证书、续展记录、使用许可合同;二是侵权证据,如公证购买、网页截图、海关查扣记录;三是损失证据,如销售锐减数据、广告投入、侵权人获利线索。计算赔偿时,优先主张实际损失或侵权获利,并提交财务凭证。若无法精确计算,再请求法院适用法定赔偿。同时注意保存合理维权费用单据,以便一并主张。
以上内容仅供参考,不构成法律意见。如需专业法律服务,请联系杨春宝一级律师:chambers.yang@dentons.cn

